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Australian Skilled Visa Dashboard
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Australian Skilled Visa Dashboard

Employer Sponsored & General Skilled Migration — Quick Reference Guide

Updated 2024–2025
Migration Regulations 1994 (Cth)
📋
8
Total Visa Subclasses
🏠
4
Permanent Visas
⏳
4
Temporary Visas
🗺️
3
Regional Pathways
💰
$3,210+
Starting Application Fee
🎯
65
Min Points (GSM)
Quick Guide: There are two main pathways to skilled migration in Australia — Employer Sponsored (subclasses 494, 482, 186, 187) require an employer to nominate you, while General Skilled Migration (subclasses 189, 190, 491, 485) use a points-based system via SkillSelect. Permanent visas are 186, 189, and 190; all others are temporary with potential PR pathways.
Visa Pathways to Permanent Residency
How temporary visas transition to permanent residence
482
Skills in Demand
Temporary
2 yrs work
→
186
ENS Permanent
Permanent ✓
TRT Stream
or
494
Regional Sponsored
Temporary
3 yrs regional
→
191
Permanent Regional
Permanent ✓
via 494
or
491
Regional Skilled
Temporary
3 yrs regional
→
191
Permanent Regional
Permanent ✓
via 491
Visa Types at a Glance
Distribution of visa categories covered
8 visas
Permanent4 visas
Temporary3 visas
Regional→PR1 pathway
Application Fees
Base visa application charge (AUD)
482 Skills in Demand$3,210
494 Regional$4,910
186 ENS Permanent$4,910
189 Skilled Indep.$4,910
190 Skilled Nominated$4,910
491 Regional (temp)$4,910
Pathway Type
Employer sponsored vs points-based
50/50 split
Employer Sponsored494, 482, 186, 187
Points / Independent189, 190, 491, 485
Employer Sponsored Visas
Subclasses 494, 482, 186, and 187 — all require employer nomination
494 Skilled Employer Sponsored Regional
Class PE | Item 1242 | Lin 19/219
Medium/Long Term Regional Labour Agreement
Temporary
Fee$4,910
LocationOnshore / Offshore
Age LimitUnder 45
EnglishCompetent (IELTS 6 each)
Work Exp.3 years
Skills Test✓ Yes — within 3 years
SponsorApproved regional employer
Form494V Internet
PR Pathway✓ Subclass 191 after 3 yrs
482 Skills in Demand
Class GK | Item 1240 | LIN 24/089
Specialist Skills Core Skills Labour Agreement
Temporary
Fee$3,210
LocationOnshore / Offshore
Age LimitNo age limit
EnglishIELTS 5 each / PTE 36 (LIN 24/099)
Work Exp.12 months in last 5 years
Skills TestSkills/quals/employment background
IncomeCore: $76,515 | Specialist: $135,000
Form482V Internet (P) / 482D (S)
PR Pathway✓ Subclass 186 TRT (2 yrs work)
186 Employer Nomination Scheme
Class EN | Item 1114B | LIN 24/093
TRT Stream Direct Entry Labour Agreement
Permanent
Fee$4,910
LocationOnshore / Offshore
Age LimitUnder 45 (TRT/DE streams)
EnglishCompetent English
Work Exp.TRT: 2 yrs in last 3 | DE: 3 yrs
Skills TestDE: Yes (within 3 yrs) | TRT: N/A
FormForm 1408 Internet
Class1114B Class EN
Residence✓ Permanent — live anywhere
187 Regional Sponsored Migration Scheme
RSMS | Closed to DE — TRT/LA only
TRT Only DE Closed Nov 2019
Permanent
Status⚠ DE stream closed 16 Nov 2019
LocationRegional Australia only
Age LimitUnder 45
EnglishYes — Competent
EligibilityMust be transitional 457/482 worker
Work Exp.TRT: 2 yrs in last 3 years
ReplacesNow superseded by Subclass 494
Residence✓ Permanent — regional focus
General Skilled Migration
Subclasses 189, 190, 491, and 485 — points-based via SkillSelect EOI
189 Skilled Independent
Class SI | Item 1137 | LIN 19/051
Points Tested New Zealand Stream Hong Kong Stream
Permanent
Fee$4,910 (+ $2,455 / adult dependant)
LocationOnshore / Offshore
AgeUnder 45 at time of invitation
Points✓ Minimum 65 points required
InvitationInvited by Minister in writing
EnglishCompetent (IELTS 6 each)
Skills Test✓ Yes — within 3 years
OccupationMLTSSL — within 3 years
Residence✓ Live & work anywhere in Australia
190 Skilled Nominated
Class SN | Item 1138 | LIN 20/162
State/Territory Nominated
Permanent
Fee$4,910 (+ $2,455 / adult dependant)
LocationOnshore / Offshore
AgeUnder 45
Points✓ 65 points (state adds 5 pts)
SponsorNominated by state/territory govt
InvitationInvited by Minister in writing
EnglishCompetent — within 3 years
Skills Test✓ Within 3 years
OccupationMLTSSL or STSOL
491 Skilled Work Regional (Provisional)
Class PS | Item 1241 | LIN 20/162
State/Territory Regional Sponsored
Regional
Fee$4,910 (+ $2,455 / adult dependant)
DurationUp to 5 years
AgeUnder 45
Points✓ 65 points minimum
SponsorState/Terr OR eligible relative (18+, AU citizen)
EnglishCompetent English
Skills Test✓ Assessed by relevant authority
OccupationMLTSSL / STSOL / Regional Occ. List
PR Pathway✓ Subclass 191 after 3 yrs regional
485 Temporary Graduate
Post-Study Work Stream
Graduate Work Post-Study Work
Temporary
PurposeFor international graduates from Aus study
LocationOnshore only
AgeUnder 50
QualificationMust have studied in Australia
Note⚠ Skills assessment NOT for 485 holders applying 189
TransitionUse 491/189/190 as PR pathways
Points✓ 65 points (for 491/190 bridge)
Full Visa Comparison Table
All 8 subclasses side by side — scroll right to see all
Requirement 494 482 186 187 189 190 491 485
Visa Type Temporary Temporary Permanent Permanent Permanent Permanent Temporary Temporary
Application Fee $4,910 $3,210 $4,910 N/A (TRT) $4,910 $4,910 $4,910 $1,855
Age Limit Under 45 None Under 45 Under 45 Under 45 Under 45 Under 45 Under 50
Location On/Offshore On/Offshore On/Offshore On/Offshore On/Offshore On/Offshore On/Offshore Onshore
English Requirement Competent IELTS 5 each
PTE 36		 Competent Competent Competent
IELTS 6 each		 Competent
IELTS 6 each		 Competent Competent
Employer / Sponsor Required
(Regional)		 Required Required Required
(Regional)		 Not Required State/Territory State/Territory
or relative		 Not Required
Skills Assessment Yes (<3 yrs) Skills/quals check Yes (DE stream) TRT: N/A Yes (<3 yrs) Yes (<3 yrs) Yes Graduate study
Work Experience 3 years 12 months
(last 5 yrs)		 TRT: 2/3 yrs
DE: 3 yrs		 TRT: 2/3 yrs N/A N/A N/A N/A
Points Test No No No No Yes (min 65) Yes (min 65) Yes (min 65) No
Invitation Required No No No No Yes Yes Yes No
Occupation List Approved
140GB		 Core Skills
Occ. List (CSOL)		 LIN 24/093
list		 TRT only —
same as 482 occ.		 MLTSSL MLTSSL /
STSOL		 MLTSSL /
STSOL /
Regional List		 Registered
course
PR Pathway → 191 → 186 TRT IS Permanent IS Permanent IS Permanent IS Permanent → 191 → 189/190/491
Regional Restriction Yes — must
live in region		 No No Yes — regional
employer		 No No Yes — regional
area only		 No
Application Form 494V Internet 482V Internet Form 1408 Manual
(email)		 Form 1393
Internet		 Form 1393
Internet		 Form 1393
Internet		 Form 1485
Internet
Document & Requirement Checklists
Key items needed for each visa application — reference guide only, always verify with DOHA
🏭
494 Regional Employer Sponsored
Temporary | Class PE
Approved sponsoring employer (regional area)
Nomination approval under reg 140GB
Skills assessment from approved authority (within 3 years)
3 years full-time work experience in nominated occupation
Under 45 years of age
Competent English (IELTS 6 each / PTE 50)
Genuine intention to work in the nominated position
Health and character checks
Occupation on approved list (LIN 19/212 / LIN 22/022)
💼
482 Skills in Demand
Temporary | Class GK
Approved standard business sponsor
Occupation on Core Skills Occupation List (LIN 24/089)
OR Specialist Skills list
Salary at/above Core Skills Income Threshold ($76,515) or Specialist ($135,000)
12 months full-time work in last 5 years in nominated occupation
English: IELTS 5 each band / PTE 36 per component
Skills, qualifications and employment background check
No age limit requirement
Health and character checks (PIC 4001–4005)
🏆
186 ENS Permanent
Permanent | Class EN | TRT / DE / LA Streams
Employer nomination (Form 1400)
TRT stream: Held 457/482 visa; worked 2 years in nominated occupation within last 3 years
DE stream: Skills assessment (within 3 years); 3 years work experience; occupation on LIN 24/093
Under 45 years of age (exemptions possible)
Competent English
Hold any relevant licences or registrations required
Health and character checks
🌏
189 Skilled Independent
Permanent | Class SI | Points Tested / NZ / HK Streams
Submit Expression of Interest (EOI) via SkillSelect
Receive invitation to apply from Minister (written)
Minimum 65 points under the Points Test (Sch 6D)
Skills assessment from approved authority (within 3 years)
Under 45 at time of invitation
Competent English (IELTS 6 each / PTE 50 / OET / TOEFL / CAE)
Occupation on MLTSSL (within 3 years)
If held 491/494 — must have held for 3 years before applying
Health and character checks
🏛️
190 Skilled Nominated
Permanent | Class SN | State/Territory Nominated
Submit EOI via SkillSelect; nominated by state/territory government agency
Receive invitation from Minister in writing
Minimum 65 points (state nomination adds 5 extra points)
Skills assessment from relevant assessing authority (within 3 years)
Under 45
Competent English (IELTS 6 each / PTE 50)
Occupation on MLTSSL or STSOL
If onshore — hold substantive visa or Bridging A/B/C
🌾
491 Skilled Work Regional (Provisional)
Temporary | Class PS | Up to 5 years → PR via 191
EOI via SkillSelect; receive invitation from Minister
Nominated by state/territory OR sponsored by eligible relative (aged 18+, Aus citizen/PR)
Minimum 65 points
Skills assessment from relevant assessing authority
Under 45
Competent English
Occupation on MLTSSL / STSOL / Regional Occupation List (LIN 25/016)
Must live and work in designated regional area
If onshore — hold substantive visa or Bridging A/B/C
Education qualification from registered course
⚠️ Important: This dashboard is a quick-reference guide only. Requirements change regularly. Always verify current requirements, occupation lists, and fee schedules with the Department of Home Affairs (homeaffairs.gov.au) or a registered migration agent (MARA). Key reference: Migration Regulations 1994 (Cth), Schedule 1 & 2.

Australian Skilled Visa Reference Dashboard · Based on Migration Regulations 1994 (Cth) · Data from ENS 494/482/186 & GSM 189/190/491 reference sheets

Always verify current requirements with the Department of Home Affairs · homeaffairs.gov.au

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